Housing wheel engine

ABSTRACT

Disclosed herein is a housing wheel engine that has one wheel shaped combustion housing, the housing wheel engine can hold several pistons which&#39;s both sides working inside the combustion housing. The housing wheel engine transmits its rotating movement directly to the driveshaft by planetary gearsets. A four strokes time mechanism provided by planetary gearsets.

BACKGROUND

A reciprocating engine has two different movements in the running, which are a piston's back and forth linear motion and flywheel's rotating motion. The crankshaft is an intermediate been used to convert these two movements each other. The engine also needs a complicated timing system working together with pistons and crankshaft to complete four strokes.

The piston has two functions in the engine. First, the piston getting gas power by the one end which works within combustion housing to complete four strokes cycle; second, the another end of piston link to the crankshaft by connecting rod in order to transmit piston's reciprocating motion to flywheel's rotating motion. Each cylinder holds only one combustion housing that piston works within. Usually the multiple cylinders are needed in an engine for increasing the engine power and decreasing vibration.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In one embodiment, a pair set of planetary gearsets and each having a fixed big ring gear, and plurality of rolling gears, and one sun gear formed therein; Each of a rolling gear having an eccentric pin, which having eccentricity d from the center of the rolling gear, mounted on; The eccentric pins having hypocycloid running curve when rolling gear rolling inside of the ring gear; The sun gear having a spline hole located at the center;

A housing wheel formed by a pair of housing wheel halves, which each having a housing ring half, plurality pistons, plurality spokes, and a hub formed therein; The plurality of spokes mounted on housing ring half evenly with one end, and another end mounted on the hub to form a housing wheel half; The plurality of pistons mounted inside of the housing ring half; Wherein every spoke has a linear slot;

A cylindrical driveshaft having two splines formed therein;

A pair set of planetary gearsets join with a pair of housing wheel halves by fitting the eccentric pin (which is on rolling gear) inside of the slot (which is on spoke) respectively;

A housing wheel located on the middle of the driveshaft between the two of splines, and able to spin freely around the shaft; A pair of planetary gearsets located on the two splines of the driveshaft by the two sun gears respectively;

A housing wheel transmits its rotating movement directly to the driveshaft by a pair of planetary gearsets.

A pair of planetary gearsets provides a four strokes time mechanism to the engine.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the R_(r)4 housing wheel engine.

FIG. 2 shows the opening angle on the toroidal housing ring and housing ring halves.

FIG. 3 are schematic end elevation views of a planetary gearset works within the engine which's hypocycloid has the features of R_(r)4.

FIG. 4 a-f are schematic views which shows that the detail of how the engine completes the cycle of the four strokes.

FIG. 5 a-b are exploded perspective views of the R_(r)3 housing wheel engine.

FIG. 6 a-e are schematic views, which shows the detail of how the combustion chamber works with the valve system in four strokes.

FIG. 7 a-b are exploded perspective views which show the air tunnel and valve system.

FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of an intake-exhaust manifold.

FIG. 9 is a partial cut-away view of a bypass-valve site inside of the branch.

FIG. 10 shows all of the bypass-valves are in no-working positions, and all the valves are on opening.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the motion control.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

This invention discuss another different kind of the engine which does not need crankshaft to transmit the movement from reciprocating to rotating, and does not need complicated time system to complete four strokes cycle and replacing those is a pair of planetary gearsets, which works on the theorem of hypocycloid. And also this engine has one wheel shaped combustion housing and it can hold several pistons which's both sides working inside of the combustion housing, and this housing wheel transmits its rotating movement direct to the driveshaft's rotating by planetary gearsets. The engine is relatively simple, and it has high power density, a wide speed range, and it is less vibration.

Principle of the Hypocycloid

Here is the definition of the hypocycloid: A hypocycloid is a roulette trace by a point P attached to a circle of radius r rolling around inside of a fixed circle of radius R, where P is a distance d from the center of the interior circle, and θ is the angle that the center of rolling circle to the X axle. The equations are

x=(R−r)cos θ+d cos [(R−r)/r·θ]  (1.1)

y=(R−r)sin θ−d sin [(R−r)/r·θ]  (1.2)

The curve will be closing when R/r is a rational number.

The value of R/r this invention chose is a rational number so that it makes a closing curve. Also it is necessary to chose R/r>2 (It is untenable in this invention when R/r=2!).

This article will discuss the case R/r=4 and case R/r=3. Other cases, which are R/r>4 will be similar to these two cases. And also using symbol R_(r)4 and R_(r)3 to simple the formula R/r=4 and R/r=3 below.

This article is not going to discuss the detail of ignition system, lubricating system, cooling system about this engine, and it will focus discussion on the detail of how the technology of hypocycloid be used.

R_(r)4 Engine and R_(r)3 Engine Cases

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the housing wheel engine (This is a R_(r)4 case). The housing wheel formed by a toroidal housing ring 100, which opening angle is t (FIG. 2 a), and two of the same housing wheel halves 200A-B. A housing wheel half 200A (or 200B) formed by a housing ring half 210A (or 210B), which opening angle is 180°−t/2 (FIG. 2 b), and that mounted with 4 spokes 220A (or 220B) evenly, and the another end of the spokes mounted on a hub 230A (or 230B) in order to the housing wheel half can rotating on the driveshaft 300. There are 4 pistons 400A (or 400B) mounted inside of the housing ring half 210A (or 210B) and situated on at the same location of the spokes. Every spoke has a linear slot 221A (or 221B), which is using to connect with planetary gearset 500A (or 500B) by fitting the eccentric pin 521A (or 521B) inside. The two housing wheel halves 200A-B deposited face to face each other, and interlace pistons 400A-B each other to form a whole housing wheel. The two sets of interlaced pistons 400A-B form eight combustion chambers inside of the whole housing wheel, and the volume of the combustion chamber are variable when two housing wheel halves oscillatory each other on the driveshaft 300. The driveshaft 300 hold and fluid on two ends by the journal bearings, which sited on bearing bases 320A-B. The toroidal housing ring 100 holds the intake manifolds 700, exhaust manifolds 800, and spark plugs 600.

There is two of the same planetary gearsets 500A-B and each one works with a housing wheel halves 200A-B separately. The planetary gearset formed by one big ring gear 510A (or 510B), four rolling gears (or called planet gears) 520A (or 520B) and a sun gear 530A (or 530B). The ring gear is fixed on the ring gear base 540A (or 540B), which is inside of the engine body. The sun gear fixed on the driveshaft 300 with the splines 310A (or 310B) and transmits the movement between rolling gears 520A (or 520B) and driveshaft 300. The four rolling gears 520A (or 520B) are evenly located and are able to roll inside of the ring gear 510A (or 510B), and there is an eccentric pin 521A (or 521B), which is d distance from the center of rolling gear 520A (or 520B), fixed on each of rolling gear by symmetrical about center of ring gear 510A (or 510B). The eccentric pins 521A (or 521B) run on a hypocycloid curve when rolling gears 520A (or 520B) roll inside the ring gear 510A (or 510B). The eccentric pins 521B (or 521A) on second planetary gearset 500B (or 500A) will run on the exactly the same hypocycloid curve as first planetary gearset 500A (or 500B), but they have an angle 45° situated each other. The planetary gearsets 500A (or 500B) working with the housing wheel halves 200A (or 200B) by fit the eccentric pins 521A (or 521B) inside the slots 221A (or 221B), which located on the spokes 220A (or 220B). So two housing wheel halves 200A-B will have an angle 45° each other too. Later on we can see this differential angle working with hypocycloid curve will make two housing wheel halves oscillating each other.

FIG. 3 are schematic end elevation views of a planetary gearset works within the engine which's hypocycloid has the features of R_(r)4. The equations are (assume r=1)

x=3 cos(θ)+d cos(3θ)  (2.1)

y=3 sin(θ)−d sin(3θ)  (2.2)

Assume the point P, which is a d distance from the center of the rolling circle, represents the eccentric pin 521A-B on the rolling gear 520A-B. The radius, which links from center of the fixed circle to the point P, represents spokes 220A-B on the housing wheel halves 200A-B. Two sets of the rolling circles have an angle 45° differential. This angle differential will make the things happen that when two sets of rolling circles roll inside the fixed circle, the one set of Ps always situate on the different side of the trace circle rcct of the rolling circle's center with another set of Ps.

The velocity V of point P is a vector that the value is

V=L·ω

Here L is the length of the radiate from P to the tangent point q, ω is the angler velocity of the rolling circle.

So two set of the Ps have two different velocities since they sit on the different side of the trace circle rcct and have different Ls, the Ps that sit inside of the trace circle have faster speed, and the Ps that sit outside the trace circle have the lower speed. They have the same speed when they both got on the trace circle.

This regular pattern leads the P₁ speed up and approach to P₂ and depart from P₃ when P₁ get inside of the trace circle, and P₂, P₃ get outside of the trace circle. Or P₁ slow down to approach to P₃ and depart from P₂ when P₁ get outside of the trace circle and P₂, P₃ get inside of the trace circle. P₁, P₂ get the closest position or P₁, P₃ get farthest position when both of sets Ps get on the trace circle rcct. Also the distance d from the center of the rolling circle determinates the minimum space between P₁ and P₂, and maximum space between P₁ and P₃. This moving pattern runs a periodic cycle with a 90° angle (in general this periodic angle is 360°/R_(r)). Actually, the trace of the center of the rolling circle rcct has 8 intersects with hypocycloid curve. Those intersects determinate the minimum and maximum space between the two Ps they are next to each other.

The point P's movement represents the eccentric pins 521A-B's movement, and which also determinates the movement of radius, which represents the spoke 220A-B of the housing wheel halves 200A-B, so the moving pattern of the spokes 220A-B (also the pistons 400A-B which fixed on the end of the spoke) will do oscillate with the neighbor spokes (pistons) each other.

FIG. 4 a-f are schematic views which shows that the detail of how the engine completes the cycle of the four strokes. Assume the hosing wheel spins with anti clockwise, and combustion chamber that is between piston Pst1 and piston Pst3, just finished the exhaust process and is going to start the next intake process. The piston Pst1 has the minimum space with piston Pst3 in this moment piston, and Pst1 just covered the intake manifold 700, and piston Pst3 covered exhaust manifold 800 (FIG. 4 a). Then piston Pst1 start to move away from piston Pst3 faster and open intake manifold 700 to vacuum air fuel mixture into combustion chamber (simultaneously the another side of piston Pst1 start to do compression process with piston Pst2). Meanwhile the piston Pst3 moves forward slowly and keeps the intake manifold 700 still open (FIG. 4 b). This intake process will complete when the piston Pst1 got the maximum space from piston Pst3 and intake manifold 700 just be covered completely by piston Pst3 (FIG. 4 c). Next compression process is going to start, at this time the piston Pst1 becomes moving forward slowly, and piston Pst3 becomes moving faster to approaching piston Pst1, and start to compress the air fuel mixture (simultaneously the another side of piston Pst3 start to do intake process). This process will complete when piston Pst1 get minimum space with piston Pst3 (FIG. 4 d). Then the combustion process is going to start at this moment, the spark plug 600 supplies the spark that ignites the air fuel mixture so that the combustion can occur. Meanwhile the piston Pst1 starts to move away from piston Pst3 faster (simultaneously another side of piston Pst1 start to do exhaust process with piston Pst2) and piston Pst3 moves forward slowly. The gas power goes through the piston Pst1, spokes 220A-B, eccentric pins 521A-B and rolling gears 520A-B's movement transmits to driveshaft 300 within this process. This process will complete when the piston Pst1 just moves on the exhaust manifold 800 and covered it completely (see FIG. 4 e). The last exhaust process will start from here. The piston Pst1 start to move away from exhaust manifold 800 and keep it open so that the waste can be exhausted, the piston Pst3 start to move faster to close to piston Pst1 in order to push the waste out (simultaneously another side of piston Pst3 start to do combustion process.) (FIG. 4 e). Finally the whole four strokes complete when piston Pst1 and piston Pst3 simultaneously moved on and covered intake manifold 700 and exhaust manifold 800 respectively (FIG. 4 f). The combustion chamber between piston Pst1 and piston Pst3 has been moved 180° angle inside the left part of housing wheel 200A-B. It will continue goes on to right side and doing the same circulation. So the combustion chamber between Pst1 and Pst3 will get twice ignitions when it finished circulations on whole housing wheel (360° angle). Obviously 8 combustion chambers will get 16 ignitions when they complete a whole housing wheel circulation.

This engine does not need valves, valve train and camshaft. It is simple in structure. The intake manifolds 700, exhaust manifolds 800 and spark plugs 600 sit on the proper position of the toroidal housing ring 100, which is a fixed partial of the housing wheel. Two housing wheel halves 200A-B and a toroidal housing ring 100 together form a whole housing wheel. The toroidal housing ring 100 cannot be moving, it is doing like a cylinder-head in reciprocating engine, so it is using for holding the intake manifolds 700, exhaust manifolds 800 and spark plugs 600 or fuel-injected plug (that is not show in the FIG. 1). In order to distinguish the different technology will be discuss in this invention later on, I might call this engine technology as ΦI, which is using the toroidal housing ring technology.

The advantages of this ΦI are: High power density; Lower vibration; Simple in structure and suitable for diesel engine. But the weakness of this technology is that the piston rings 401A-B run on a multi-holed surface, which sited intake manifolds 700, exhaust manifolds 800 and spark plugs 600, and also run on a differential-speed interface which is combined with fixed toroidal housing ring 100 and spin-able housing wheel half 200A-B, both will cause the piston rings 401A-B got inconsistent wear. This could be a major issue of limitation of the engine life. And also this technology can only be used when the R_(r) is an even number.

This article will discuss another technology (call it ΦII technology) to improve it in next paragraph.

ΦII Technology

The R_(r)4 engine had been discussed above, the combustion chambers can complete four strokes cycle twice when they finish a whole circulation inside of the housing wheel. How is about the R_(r)3 case.

For R_(r)3 case the equations to form a hypocycloid curve are: (assume r=1)

x=2 cos(θ)+d cos(2θ)  (3.1)

y=2 sin(θ)−d sin(2θ)  (3.2)

FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective views of the R_(r)3 engine. Similar as the R_(r)4 engine, R_(r)3 engine formed by two housing halves 200A-B, two sets of planetary gearsets 500A-B and a driveshaft 300.

The housing wheel half has 3 pistons 400A (or 400B) evenly mounted inside of the housing ring half 210A (or 210B), and has 3 spokes 220A (or 220B) evenly mounted on housing ring half 210A (or 210B) at the same positions as the pistons 400A (or 400B). The difference with R_(r)4 engine is R_(r)3 engine does not need toroidal housing ring 100.

The planetary gearset 500A (or 500B) has a big ring gear 510A (or 510B), 3 rolling gears 520A (or 520B) and one sun gear 530A (or 530B). The radiate R of the ring gear 510A (or 510B) is 3 times radiate r of the rolling gear 520A (or 520B), which the R_(r)3 is R/r=3. There is an eccentric pin 521A (or 521B) mounted on each of the rolling gear 520A (or 520B), and d eccentricity from the center of the rolling gear 520A (or 520B). 3 rolling gears 520A (or 520B) sit inside of ring gear 510A (or 510B) symmetrically about the center.

In general, the number of pistons 400A (or 400B), spokes 220A (or 220B), and rolling gears 520A (or 520B) are matching the number R_(r), which is 3 now.

Same as R_(r)4 engine set the first set of planetary gearset 500A with first housing wheel half 200A. The fixed ring gear 510A on the ring gear base 540A. Mount the sun gear on the driveshaft 300 with the splines 310A. Put three rolling gears located inside of the ring gear 510A symmetrical about center, and put eccentric pins 521A into the slots 221A of the spokes 220A. The trace of the eccentric pins is a hypocycloid curve when rolling gears 520A roll inside the ring gear 510A. Set second set of planetary gearset 500B with second housing wheel half 200B the same as first one, and then roll it an angle 60° (in general this differential angle is 180°/R_(r)). So two housing wheel halves 200A and 210B will have a differential angle 60° each other.

FIG. 6 a-e shows the detail of R_(r)3 engine how to works. The trace of center of the rolling circle rcct has 6 intersects with hypocycloid curve, and they determinate the minimum space and maximum space between the any two neighbor radius which represent to spokes 220A-B. If we start intake cycle from point I, the four strokes cycle will be complete at point F. That toke combustion chamber moving 240° angle inside the housing wheel 200A-B. Then intake cycle will start again at F, but the rest of the space inside of the housing wheel is only 120°, its not enough for completing the next four strokes cycle. That means the intake manifold and exhaust manifold cannot be fixed as usual, they have to move with pistons.

Here is the way to solve this problem. See the FIG. 7 a-b. There is an air tunnel 970 which goes through out from one end of the piston 400A (or 400B) to the wall of the housing ring half 210A (or 210B), A valve 900A (or 900B) located at the end of the piston 400A (or 400B) to open or close the air tunnel 970A (or 970B), the air tunnel's opening or closing depends on the position's position where are they at. The valve 900A (or 900B) controlled by a cam wheel 940A (or 940B), which mounted on with a ratchet wheel 930A (or 930B). The ratchet wheel turns 90° angle each time when it be triggered by a trigger 950A (or 950B), so the cam wheel 940A (or 940B) has the same movement as the ratchet wheel. Each cam's turning keeps the valve 900A (or 900B) in certain saturation either opening or closing the air tunnel 970A (or 970B). So, it needs to be trigged if the situation of the valve needs to be change (from opening to closing, or reverse) when the piston got a new position.

FIG. 6 a-e are schematic views which shows the combustion chamber works with the valve system. Let's start it from exhaust cycle. Assume the valve 900A (or 900B), which is on piston Pst1 was closed before. There is a trigger 950A (or 950B) site on point E, which will change the valve from closing to opening when the piston Pst1 moves through E (FIG. 6 a). After this point, the piston Pst1 start to move slowly and the piston Pst3 start to move faster to approach piston Pst1 in order to do exhaust. The exhaust cycle will complete when piston Pst1 get point I and piston Pst3 get point E (FIG. 6 b). Then next intake cycle is going to start. The valve on piston Pst1 still opened since there is no trigger at point I to change its situation. So it's ready to start intake cycle. The piston Pst1 will move faster away from piston Pst3, and vacuum the gas in to the combustion chamber. The intake cycle will finished when the piston Pst1 get point C and piston Pst3 get point I. There are another trigger sites on point C and it will turn the valve from opening to closing (FIG. 6 c). After that, the compression cycle will start. Since that time the piston Pst1 moves forward slowly and piston Pst3 moves faster to approach the piston Pst1 this makes compression cycle could be start. The compression cycle will be finished when piston Pst1 moves on at point S and piston Pst3 moves on at point C respectively (FIG. 6 d). Pst1 still keeps the valve closing since there is no trigger site on the point S. After that point the spark plug 600 (shows on FIG. 7 a) ignites the compressed gas and combustion cycle is going to start. Then piston Pst1 faster moves away from piston Pst3. When piston Pst1 gets the point X the combustion cycle is complete (FIG. 6 e). There are another trigger sites on point X, which will turn the valve from closing to opening and the exhaust cycle will start again.

The air tunnel 970 runs together with housing wheel. It has two functions: Intake and Exhaust. When its function does as exhaust manifold, it must be start at point E, X or C, and does as intake manifold, it must be start at I, S or F. There are three exhaust manifolds 800 located at position E, X and C. and three intake manifolds 700 located at the position I, S and F. FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an intake-exhaust manifold which has a intake manifold 700 and a exhaust manifold 800. The intake manifold 700 and exhaust manifold 800 separated by intake-block 850. The size of the intake-block 850 and exhaust-block 860, should bigger enough to cove the air tunnel 970.

The spark plug 600 is located at the same end of the piston with valve 900. There is no fixed toroidal housing ring needed and the holes (air tunnels) are all located inside of pistons 400A-B, so the piston rings 410A-B do not run on multi-holed surface and differential-speed interface any more. This is the key point of the ΦII technology. It also can be using on any R_(r)>2 engine.

The weaknesses of ΦII are: The ignition system is different with regular ignition system. The spark plug and ignition system need to be develop; It can not be using in diesel engine since there is no any still part of the housing wheel to hold diesel injector; And the advantages are: Suitable for any gasoline engine which R_(r)>2; Piston rings run on sleek surface; Easy to do motion control;

Motion Control on ΦII

Here the motion control means the combustion chamber can be controlled as either in working or not working situation.

As the case discussed above that was a working situation on ΦII engine. In that case all 6 combustion chambers were in working situation. For no-working situation, here is the way to do it: Make the combustion chamber, which will not be in working, open directly outside of the engine.

There is branch 710 located on the intake manifold 700. One side of the branch 710 is open to air directly by a bypass 720, and another side of the branch 710 opens to carburetor 750. There is a bypass-valve 730 located inside of the branch 710. FIG. 9 is a partial cut-away view of a bypass-valve 730 sites inside of the branch 710.

The bypass-valve 730 has two positions, the position one is for working situation, which opens the carburetor 750 to the intake manifold 700 and closes the bypass 720. That makes the air fuel mixture can goes into the combustion chamber. The position two is for no-working situation, which closes the carburetor 750 and opens the bypass 720 to the intake manifold 700, in order the combustion chamber open to outside directly.

The trigger 950 has two positions too, the position one is for working situation, which the trigger goes up in order it able to trig the ratchet wheel 930. The position two is for no-working situation, which the trigger goes down and cannot trig the ratchet wheel 930 after the valve 900 opened already.

The bypass-valves 730 and triggers 950 sites on either position one or position two in order to control the combustion chamber either work or not work.

So, if we don't want combustion chamber to work, after the valve opened and completed exhaust cycle, then never trigs it to close in order the combustion chamber can opened through to outside by the bypass 720. The procedures are: Put bypass-valve 730 into no-working case when combustion chamber get any point I, S or F after exhaust cycle. This makes the combustion chamber goes through opening valve 900 and bypass 720 to outside; Put trigger 950 into no-working case when combustion chamber get next point E, C or X, this keeps the combustion chamber still open to outside through opening valve 900 and next exhaust manifold 800. FIG. 10 shows all of the bypass-valves 730 are in no-working positions, and all the valves 900 are on opening. And put all triggers 950, which sited at point E, C and X are in no-working situation. That makes none of six combustion chambers can be working.

If some combustion chamber needs to put back into work, the procedures are: When combustion chamber get any point of I, S or F put bypass-valve 730 at that position in working case. That will make that combustion chamber start to intake cycle. After intake cycle, the combustion chamber should move to points C, X or E, put the trigger 950 into working position. It will change the valve 900 from opening to closing, and compression cycle can be started. After compression cycle, the valve 900 still keep closing situation since there is no trigger 950 located on points I, S and F. The ignition cycle can start. When the ignition cycle finished, the combustion chamber move to the one of the points C, X or E. Put that trigger 950 into working situation, which will open the valve 900 that was closed before. The exhaust cycle start now.

It will be easier to make triggers 950 and bypass-valves 730 be controlled by using programmable controller 780, electromagnet 960 and electrical motor 760.

R_(r)3 engine has 6 combustion chambers. As motion control, each combustion chamber can be put into working or no-working after it completes the forth stroke (Exhaust stroke). So it is possible to make a combination of any number that less or equal to 6 of the combustion chambers work in whole or partial housing circulation. As an example, to make only one combustion chamber works in whole housing circulation, it gets ignition every 240° of the hosing wheel in four strokes (FIG. 11, Motion 1). It is also possible to make ignitions at every 0° of the hosing wheel in two strokes. Assume combustion chamber c1, c2 and c3 work together in this case. Put c2 into intake stroke (assume it was not working before) when c1 get at ignition stroke (FIG. 11 Motion 2 a). One stroke later c1 will goes into exhaust cycle, and c2 in compression cycle (FIG. 11 Motion 2 b). Two strokes later, c2 get ignition. And put c1 no more working, put c3 (did not work before) into intake cycle (FIG. 11 Motion 2 c). Three strokes later, c2 get into exhaust stroke and c3 get into compression stroke (FIG. 11 Motion 2 d). Four strokes later c3 get ignition (FIG. 11 Motion 2 e).

General Cases for R_(r)>2

The planetary gearsets formed by one big ring gear (which radius of the pitch circle is R), R_(r) rolling gears (which radius of the pitch circle is r), and one sun gear (which radius of the pitch circle is R−2r). The R_(r) here is a rational number that equal to R/r.

Each rolling gear has an eccentric pin fixed on a side and the eccentricity is d, which determinates the minimum angle and maximum angle between every two neighbored spokes, and also minimum space and maximum space between every two neighbored pistons. So it determinates the engine's compression rate and displacement.

The ring gear is fixed inside of the ring gear base and it is not moveable.

The R_(r) rolling gears located inside of the ring gear symmetrically.

Two of the same sun gears fixed on the splines of the driveshaft. The traces of eccentric pins of two planetary gearsets run on the exactly the same hypocycloid curve, but they have 180°/R_(r) degrees angle difference situated each other for fitting within two different housing wheel half respectively.

A housing wheel half has a housing ring half, R_(r) spokes, R_(r) pistons and a hub. The one end of R_(r) spokes mounted on housing ring half evenly and another end mounted on the hub to form a housing wheel half. R_(r) pistons mounted inside of the housing ring half and located on the same location of the spokes.

Each spoke has a linear slot, which is using to connect with rolling gear by fitting the eccentric pin inside it in order to transmit the movement with driveshaft.

Two housing wheel halve deposited face to face and site on the middle of the driveshaft and are able to rotate around shaft freely.

Two sets of planetary gearsets connected with two of housing wheel halves by fitting the eccentric pin inside of the slot, which is on the spokes respectively.

Two of housing wheel halves have 180°/R_(r) differential angle related each other.

The planetary gearsets run with hypocycloid curve that makes two housing wheel halves oscillatory rotating on the driveshaft each other.

Two sets of pistons (each set has R_(r) pistons), interlaced in the housing wheel, define 2R_(r) combustion chambers, and the volume of the combustion chamber will be variable since two housing wheel halves have oscillatory movement each other.

The minimum angle δ of every two neighbor spokes is

$\begin{matrix} {\delta = {\left( {{\frac{\pi}{Rr}\left( {R - r} \right)} - {2d}} \right)\frac{180{^\circ}}{\left( {R - r} \right)\pi}}} & (4.1) \end{matrix}$

The maximum angle Δ of every two neighbor spokes is

Δ=(720°/R _(r))−δ  (4.2)

For ΦI Technology

Except the general features above discussed, ΦI has blow features distinguish to ΦII.

A housing wheel formed by a toroidal housing ring and two same housing wheel halves.

A toroidal housing ring has an opening angle t.

Each housing wheel half has an opening angle 180°−t/2 on housing ring half.

Each of the housing wheel halves has R_(r) solider pistons, which located at the same position of the spokes and mounted inside of the housing ring half.

Locate a housing wheel half by sitting eccentric pins, which are on rolling gears at farthest point from the center of the ring gear. Mark a start point on the toroidal housing ring and homologies to a spoke. Since the eccentric pins located on the rolling gears are symmetrical about the center of the ring gear, so every spoke has the same situation. But only one spoke located at the start point.

Set second housing wheel half the same position as the firs housing wheel half, and then roll a 180°/R_(r) angle related to first housing wheel half (in this position, the eccentric pins of the rolling gears located at nearest point to the center of the ring gear).

There are R_(r)/2 exhaust manifolds located on the toroidal housing ring symmetrically about the center, and one of them take δ/2 angle (δ is equation 4.1) on right side of the start point (assume the housing wheel runs as anti clockwise).

There are R_(r)/2 intake manifolds located on the toroidal housing ring symmetrically about the center, and one of them take δ/2 angle on left side of the start point (assume the housing wheel runs as anti clockwise). So the intake manifold has minimum angle δ to the exhaust manifold.

There are R_(r)/2 spark plugs or diesel injector plugs located on the toroidal housing ring symmetrically about the center, and one of them take 360°/R_(r) angle related to the start point.

For ΦII Technology

Except the general features above discussed, ΦII has blow features distinguish to ΦI.

A housing wheel formed by two same housing wheel halves that each has an opening angle 180° on housing ring half, which deposited face to face together.

Each of the housing wheel halves has R_(r) hollow pistons, which located at the same position of the spokes and mounted inside of the housing ring half. The hollow air tunnel goes from one end of the piston through out to the up side of wall of the housing wheel half. The one end of the push rod located inside of the air tunnel and connected to the rock, which is connected to valve, another end of the push rod goes out from wall to connect to cam wheel, which is mounted with a ratchet wheel.

Locate a housing wheel half by sitting eccentric pins, which are on rolling gears at farthest point from the center of the ring gear. Mark a start point on the ring gear base and homologies to a spoke. Since the eccentric pins located on the rolling gears are symmetrical about the center of the ring gear, so every spoke has the same situation. But only one spoke located at the start point.

Set second housing wheel half the same position as the firs housing wheel half, and then roll a 180°/R_(r) angle related to first housing wheel half (in this position, the eccentric pins of the rolling gears located at nearest point to the center of the ring gear).

There are two sets and each set has R_(r) triggers. These two sets of triggers sited respectively on the two ring gear bases and symmetrically about the center of the ring gear base, and located on the trace of the ratchet wheel, the one trigger of each set has an angle δ/2 (δ is equation 4.1) on right side of the start point (assume the housing wheel runs as anti clockwise).

There are two sets and each set has R_(r) intake-exhaust manifolds formed an intake-exhausts circle. They connected to the trace of the air tunnel port on two of housing wheel halves respectively, and locate the exhaust-block on the same position as triggers.

ΦII also can do the motion control, which is: to make any of the combustion chambers works in whole or partial housing circulation, if the machine has electrical controller and electrical controlled triggers and bypass-valves. 

1. A housing wheel engine comprising, in combination: A first set of planetary gearset having a fixed big ring gear (which radius of the pitch circle is R), and R_(r) of rolling gears (which radius of the pitch circle is r), and one sun gear (which radius of the pitch is R−2r) formed therein. The R_(r) here is a rational number that R_(r)=R/r; Wherein the R_(r) rolling gears having one eccentric pin mounted on each of rolling gear respectively formed therein; Wherein the eccentric pins having eccentricity d from the center of the rolling gear; Wherein the eccentric pins having hypocycloid running curve when rolling gear rolling inside of the ring gear; Wherein the sun gear having a spline hole located at the center; Wherein the R_(r) rolling gears (which each one having a eccentric pin) located inside of the big ring gear symmetrically about the center of the big ring gear; Wherein the sun gear sited in the middle of the planetary gearset; A second set of planetary gearset having the same parameters, features, and structure as the first set of planetary gearset. A first housing wheel half having a housing ring half, R_(r) pistons, R_(r) spokes, and a hub formed therein; Wherein R_(r) spokes mounted on housing ring half evenly with one end, and another end mounted on the hub; Wherein R_(r) pistons mounted inside of the housing ring half and located on the same location of the spokes; Wherein every spoke has a linear slot; A second housing wheel half having the same parameters, features, and structure as the first housing wheel half; The spokes of a first housing wheel half having an angle 180°/R_(r) to the neighbor spokes of second housing wheel half. The first housing wheel half and the second housing wheel half face to each other and join together; A first set of planetary gearset joins with a first of housing wheel half by fitting the eccentric pin (which is on rolling gear) inside of the slot (which is on spoke); and the eccentric pins having farthest location from the center of the ring gear; A second set of planetary gearset joins with a second of housing wheel half by fitting the eccentric pin (which is on rolling gear) inside of the slot (which is on spoke), and the eccentric pins having nearest location to the center of the ring gear; A generally cylindrical driveshaft having first and second splines formed therein. The first and second housing wheel halves face to face pivotally mounted on the middle of driveshaft between the first and second splines, and able to spin freely around the shaft; A sun gear of the first planetary gearset pivotally mounted on the first splines of the driveshaft; A sun gear of the second planetary gearset pivotally mounted on the second splines of the driveshaft; A big ring gear of first set of planetary gearset mounted on the first ring gear base; A big ring gear of second set of planetary gearset mounted on the second ring gear base;
 2. The housing wheel engine of claim 1 further comprising for ΦI technology include: A housing wheel having a toroidal housing ring and two housing wheel halves formed therein; Wherein a toroidal housing ring having an opening angle t; Wherein a toroidal housing ring having R_(r)/2 intake manifolds, R_(r)/2 exhaust manifolds, and R_(r)/2 spark plugs (or diesel injector plugs) formed therein; Wherein R_(r)/2 intake manifolds, R_(r)/2 exhaust manifolds, and R_(r)/2 spark plugs (or diesel injector plugs) are evenly mounted on toroidal housing ring; Wherein intake manifolds having a minimum angle $\delta = {\left( {{\frac{\pi}{Rr}\left( {R - r} \right)} - {2d}} \right)\frac{180{^\circ}}{\left( {R - r} \right)\pi}}$ or a maximum angle Δ=(720°/R _(r))−δ to the neighbor exhaust manifolds; Wherein spark plugs having an angle Δ/2 to the neighbor intake manifold and exhaust manifold; Wherein a first housing wheel half having an opening angle 180°−t/2 housing ring half and R_(r) solider pistons; Wherein a second housing wheel half having the same parameters, features, and structure as a first housing wheel half; Wherein a first housing wheel half joins with a side of toroidal housing ring by locating the spokes in the middle of intake and exhaust pots; Wherein a second housing wheel half joins with another side of toroidal housing ring by the spokes having an angle 180°/R_(r) to the neighbor spokes of first housing wheel half;
 3. The housing wheel engine of claim 1 further comprising for ΦII technology include: A housing wheel has two housing wheel halves formed therein; Wherein a first housing wheel half having an opening angle 180° housing ring half and R_(r) hollow pistons, and R_(r) valve system formed therein; Wherein a valve system having a valve, a rock, a push rod, a cam wheel, a ratchet wheel, and a trigger formed therein; Wherein a valve located on the hollow piston, and connected with a rock located inside of piston; one end of a push rod connected with a rock inside of piston, and another end connected with cam wheel that mounted with ratchet wheel together and located on the end of the spoke; Wherein a trigger sited on ring gear base and located on the trace of ratchet wheel; Wherein a second housing wheel half having the same parameters, features, and structure as a first housing wheel half; Wherein the spokes of a first housing wheel half having an angle 180°/R_(r) to the neighbor spokes of second housing wheel half, and a first housing wheel half facing to a second housing wheel half each other and join together; An intake-exhaust manifold having an intake manifold, an exhaust manifold, an intake-block and an exhaust-block formed therein; Two sets and each set formed a circle by R_(r) intake-exhaust manifolds, which connect to the housing wheel halves on the air tunnel port location, and situate the exhaust-block on the same position as the triggers.
 4. The housing wheel engine of claim 1 wherein the thickness of the pistons and the eccentric pin's eccentricity d both define the engine's compression rate and displacement.
 5. The housing wheel engine of claim 1 wherein the two sets of R_(r) pistons mounted inside of two housing wheel halves define 2R_(r) combustion chambers;
 6. The housing wheel engine of claim 3 wherein the engine is able to do motion control, which is: to make any of the combustion chambers working in whole or partial housing circulation, if the machine having ΦII technology, and electrical controlled bypass-valves and triggers and electrical programmable controller formed therein; Wherein triggers having a trig rod and an electromagnet formed therein; the up rod is an able trig position, and down rod is an unable trig position; Wherein the intake manifold has a branch, a bypass, a bypass-valve, and an electrical motor formed therein; Wherein one end of the branch connects to the carburetor and another end connects to the bypass. Wherein the bypass-valve located inside of the branch and either covered bypass port or carburetor port. Wherein the electrical motor can move the bypass-valve to open bypass port and close carburetor port, or to open carburetor port and close bypass port. Wherein the programmable controller controls the movement of the bypass-valves and triggers.
 7. A piston seal comprising: A plurality of opening angle 180°+t/2 piston seals located on each of piston of ΦI; A plurality of opening angle 180° piston seals located on each of piston of ΦII;
 8. A housing seal comprising: A plurality of housing seals located in three housing connections of ΦI, which is: The connection of first housing wheel half with toroidal housing ring, and the connection of second housing wheel half with toroidal housing ring, and the connection of first housing wheel half with second housing wheel half; A plurality of housing seals located in two housing connections of ΦII, which is: The two connections of first housing wheel half with second housing wheel half;
 9. A bearing system comprising: The engine of claim 1 wherein the housing wheel include a first housing wheel half and a second housing wheel half and having a substantially bearing sited in a first hub and second hub between the driveshaft; The engine of claim 1 wherein the bearing base having a substantially journal bearing sited between driveshaft and bearing base;
 10. A lubrication system comprising: The engine of claim 9 wherein an oil outlet is formed therein for fluid communication of oil between driveshaft to hubs, driveshaft to bearing base, first housing wheel half to second housing wheel half, first and second housing wheel halves to toroidal, eccentric pins to slots, ring gears to rolling gears, sun gears to rolling gears, and housing wheel ring halves and intake-exhaust manifold; 